COMPARISON OF VIRAL VECTOR AND MRNA VACCINES: EFFICACY, SAFETY, AND SEROCONVERSION IN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED PATIENTS

Abstract

Vaccination represents a significant benefit for individual immunization, involving various aspects such as seroconversion, efficacy, immune response generation, and safety. However, the variety of vaccine subtypes raises many questions, particularly regarding their effectiveness and ability to induce a robust immune response. In this context, this study aimed to comparatively analyze the seroconversion efficacy, immune response, and safety of mRNA and viral vector vaccine subtypes. To achieve this, a Scoping Review was conducted to rapidly map available evidence, providing a broad descriptive overview of existing studies in the PubMed/MEDLINE database, with a 5-year timeframe and no language restrictions. Seventeen articles were identified, of which only three met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results revealed generally minor and scarce discrepancies. However, mRNA vaccines showed relative improvements in less significant factors, and in one specific study, when combined with viral vector vaccines. The study confirms the efficacy of both vaccine subtypes; however, it is not possible to conclusively determine, through specific comparative analysis, which subtype demonstrates superior efficacy or safety due to the scarcity of direct comparative research and the minimal differences observed between them.