Monitorização pelo índice bispectral na anestesia: impacto na segurança do paciente
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35685/www3wy47Palavras-chave:
Índice bispectral, Anestesia, SegurançaResumo
A anestesia geral revolucionou a medicina, mas ainda apresenta riscos de complicações e efeitos adversos, nesse contexto, o monitoramento da profundidade anestésica por índice bispectral (BIS), baseado na análise processada do eletroencefalograma (EEG), permite avaliação objetiva do estado cerebral, superando limitações de parâmetros clínicos tradicionais. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com abordagem qualitativa e de caráter expositivo, baseada em estudos indexados em bases de dados como PubMed, Science Direct e SciELO. Foram incluídos artigos originais, ensaios clínicos, revisões e meta-análises sobre o uso do BIS em anestesia geral, com foco na segurança e recuperação. Excluíram-se duplicatas, estudos sem texto completo ou sem relação direta com o BIS e a segurança. Pesquisas mostram que o BIS possibilita ajustes individualizados na administração de anestésicos, reduzindo superdosagem, instabilidade hemodinâmica, tempo de ventilação mecânica e permanência em UTI. Além disso, diminui náuseas, vômitos, distúrbios cognitivos e delirium, especialmente em idosos, contribuindo para uma recuperação mais rápida e segura. A interpretação crítica dos valores do BIS é fundamental, considerando fatores interferentes e características específicas do paciente. Portanto, o BIS promove a anestesia mais segura, eficaz e humanizada, preservando a função cognitiva e melhorando desfechos clínicos, consolidando-se como ferramenta valiosa para o manejo anestésico baseado em evidências.
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