Modelagem e fisiologia do transporte vascular em arroz (Oryza sativa L.): uma revisão sistemática dos aspectos microfluidodinâmicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35685/9nndjq12Keywords:
Oryza sativa, Xilema, Floema, Transporte vascular, Fisiologia vegetal, Modelagem hidrodinâmicaAbstract
A cultura do arroz (Oryza sativa L.) é essencial para a segurança alimentar global, sendo fundamental compreender os mecanismos fisiológicos que sustentam sua produtividade. Esta revisão sistemática analisou 38 estudos publicados entre 2005 e 2025, abordando os aspectos microfluídicos do sistema vascular do arroz, com foco no transporte no xilema e no floema. Os trabalhos foram organizados em três categorias: mecanismos de transporte, fatores que influenciam a eficiência vascular e modelagem teórica. O transporte de água no xilema ocorre pelo modelo de coesão-tensão, enquanto o floema opera por fluxo em massa, ambos dependentes de características anatômicas e condições ambientais. Os resultados mostram que o diâmetro e a densidade dos vasos condutores influenciam diretamente a eficiência do transporte, assim como estresses abióticos, especialmente seca e altas temperaturas, que comprometem o fluxo de água e fotoassimilados. Avanços em modelagem matemática e técnicas de imagem têm ampliado a compreensão da dinâmica vascular, porém ainda existem lacunas na integração desses conhecimentos com aplicações agronômicas. Conclui-se que a eficiência do sistema vascular do arroz resulta da interação entre mecanismos físicos, estrutura anatômica e fatores ambientais. Dessa forma, destaca-se a necessidade de abordagens integradas para o desenvolvimento de cultivares mais eficientes e resilientes às mudanças ambientais.
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