NEUROPROTECTIVE POTENTIAL OF CANNABIDIOL IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, significantly impacting quality of life and functional capacity. The most prevalent conditions include Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, which are associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound derived from Cannabis sativa, has gained attention due to its therapeutic potential. It acts on the endocannabinoid system by modulating CB1 and CB2 receptors and influencing inflammatory and oxidative pathways. This study aimed to analyze the neuroprotective potential of CBD in neurodegenerative diseases. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, MedLine, LILACS, and SciELO databases, including studies published between 2014 and 2024 in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. The findings indicate that CBD reduces beta-amyloid formation, neuroinflammation, and neuronal damage, in addition to improving motor and non-motor symptoms. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects contribute to neuroprotection. However, heterogeneity among studies highlights the need for further clinical research.